![]() ![]() The risks associated with its use often outweigh the benefits. It is contraindicated in BZD-dependent patients because of the risk of provoking seizures. The BZD antagonist flumazenil can be used in first-time or infrequent BZD users to reverse CNS depression. The risk is even higher if other drugs are used alongside the. In the case of benzos, overdose can be deadly. Most deaths from BZD overdose are from respiratory depression as a result of mixed overdoses with BZD and other respiratory depressants, particularly alcohol and opioids. One of the risks linked to drug misuse is overdose. Assisted ventilation may be necessary.ĭeath is uncommon. Antidote for benzodiazepines MOA: Competitive inhibitor of benzodiazepines at GABA receptor Dose: Initial: 0.2 mg Repeat dose: 0.2 mg at 1 min intervals, max of 4 doses Onset of action: 1-2 min Duration of action: 20-50 min Flumazenil Flumazenil. ![]() Acute management consists of maintaining airway, respiration, and hemodynamic support while excluding other diagnoses. Treatment of overdose is by symptom management, not by quantitative assay. Larger doses can cause coma and respiratory depression. The key feature is excessive sedation with unremarkable vital signs and anterograde amnesia. ![]() Older people, who commonly have diminished drug clearance and polypharmacy, are at especially high risk of overdose. diazepam, lorazepam) are also commonly used in clinical practice to control withdrawal symptoms, especially from alcohol. It was originally developed as a nasal decongestant, but its main use has been as an anti-hypertensive agent.1 In recent years it has gained popularity in pediatric patients for the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), Tourette syndrome, and sleep disturbances. Its use is reserved for iatrogenic respiratory depression, in a benzodiazepine nave patient, undergoing procedural sedation with benzodiazepines. Overdose can be intentional in suicidal patients accidental in combination with other central nervous system (CNS) depressants, such as alcohol and opioids, and in older people and occasionally by medication error. Clonidine is a commonly prescribed biochemical derivative of imidazoline with a variety of clinical uses. Benzodiazepines (BZDs) are the most commonly prescribed medications for anxiety, sedation, and sleep.
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